The Impact of Redlining on Black Americans

Brian D. Goldstein is an architectural and urban historian and assistant professor of architectural history at Swarthmore College. His research focuses on the intersection of the built environment, race and class, and social movements, especially in the United States. His writing includes the book The Roots of Urban Renaissance: Gentrification and the Struggle Over Harlem (Harvard, 2017) and articles appearing in the Journal of American History, Journal of Urban History, and the edited volumes Reassessing Rudolph (Yale School of Architecture, 2017) and Summer in the City: John Lindsay, New York, and the American Dream (Johns Hopkins, 2014). He is the recipient of fellowships and awards from the Society of Architectural Historians, Society for American City and Regional Planning History, and Center for the Humanities at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Goldstein received his PhD from Harvard University and taught previously at the University of New Mexico and the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Kevin McGruder is associate professor of history and vice dean of academic affairs at Antioch College. He is the author of Race and Real Estate Conflict and Cooperation in Harlem, 1890-1920 (CUP, 2015). His interest in community formation led to a career in community development, and now as an academic, to research interests that include African American institutions, urban history, and gay and lesbian history. He has a B.A. in Economics from Harvard University and an M.B.A. in Real Estate Finance from Columbia University. Before pursuing doctoral studies at City University of New York, McGruder worked for many years in the field of nonprofit community development. Positions included Program Director at Local Initiatives Support Corporation, Director of Real Estate Development with the Abyssinian Development Corporation, and Executive Director of Gay Men of African Descent (in New York City).

Andre M. Perry is a senior fellow in the Metropolitan Policy Program at Brookings, a scholar-in-residence at American University, and a columnist for the Hechinger Report. He is the author of the book Know Your Price: Valuing Black Lives and Property in America’s Black Cities. A nationally known and respected commentator on race, structural inequality, and education, Perry is a regular contributor to MSNBC and has been published by The New York Times, The Nation, The Washington Post, TheRoot.com and CNN.com. Perry’s scholarship has been featured on HBO, ABC, CNN, PBS, National Public Radio, NBC and in the Wall Street Journal. His research focuses on race and structural inequality, education, and economic inclusion. Perry’s recent scholarship at Brookings has analyzed Black-majority cities and institutions in America, focusing on valuable assets worthy of increased investment.