The 15-minute-city concept is an urban planning model which promote the idea that people should be able to access their daily necessities by foot or by bike within 15 minutes, as a solution to car dependency and improving quality of life in dense metropolitan areas (Crook, 2021). Adapting from a study conducted by Weng et al. (2019), this study limits the measurement of 15-Minute-City to a simpler context that is the accessibility to facilities/daily necessities by walking for 15 minutes (hereinafter referred to as 15-minute-walk accessibility to facilities). These facilities include transportation, education and childcare, health care, and human services, library and culture, park and plazas, and commercial. In New York City context, the 15-minute-city concept has not yet become popular, but there is a recently approved master plan with a 15-minute-city concept in Astoria, Queens, known as Innovation QNS (Gjording, 2024). It is interesting to see whether NYC, represented in this study by Queens, inherently contains the 15-minute-walk accessibility principles or whether there is still room for improvement. Therefore, this study aims to measure whether Queens borough meets the standard for 15-minute-walk accessibility to facilities especially based on the needs of different population age groups (children, teenagers and young adults, adults, and elders). In addition, the influence of land use and residential density on 15-minute walkability is studied to explain in neighborhood level.
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The 15-Minute-City Assessment in Queens, NYC
